See giwerthan on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "geworden"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "gewerden"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old_Dutch"
],
[
"werthan",
"werthan#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gi-",
"3": "werthan"
},
"expansion": "gi- + werthan",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gi- + werthan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "odt-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "giwertho",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthunt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "participle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giworthan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "giwerthan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "werth",
"class": "3",
"pref": "gi"
},
"name": "odt-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch verbs prefixed with gi-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 31 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon terms prefixed with gi-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 30 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to occur, to happen"
],
"id": "en-giwerthan-odt-verb-DZxdkaV8",
"links": [
[
"occur",
"occur"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch terms prefixed with gi-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch verbs prefixed with gi-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 31 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon terms prefixed with gi-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 30 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 31 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to arise, to emerge"
],
"id": "en-giwerthan-odt-verb-XjD1Jb~p",
"links": [
[
"arise",
"arise"
],
[
"emerge",
"emerge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "giwerthan"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"werthan",
"werthan#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"geweorþan",
"geweorþan#Old_English"
],
[
"giwerdan",
"giwerdan#Old_High_German"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gi",
"3": "werthan"
},
"expansion": "gi- + werthan",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "geweorþan"
},
"expansion": "Old English geweorþan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "giwerdan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German giwerdan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gi- + werthan. Akin to Old English geweorþan, Old High German giwerdan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-st2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwordan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "giwerthan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "giwerthan",
"name": "osx-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "giwerth",
"2": "giwirth",
"3": "giwarth",
"4": "giwurd",
"5": "giword",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "osx-conj-st2"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 31 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon terms prefixed with gi-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 30 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the men all preferred to raise themselves to the noblest one (Heliand, verse 2882)",
"text": "thea gumon alle giuuarð that sie ine gihoƀin te herosten",
"translation": "the men all preferred to raise themselves to the noblest one (Heliand, verse 2882)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to prefer"
],
"id": "en-giwerthan-osx-verb-27WenzHD",
"links": [
[
"prefer",
"prefer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 30 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 31 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon terms prefixed with gi-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 30 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How can that happen like this to an ancient man then? (Heliand, verse 141)",
"text": "huuo mag that giuuerðan so aftar an aldre",
"translation": "How can that happen like this to an ancient man then? (Heliand, verse 141)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to become, happen"
],
"id": "en-giwerthan-osx-verb-Kqtg8ShN",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
]
]
}
],
"word": "giwerthan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Dutch class 3 strong verbs",
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch prefixed verbs",
"Old Dutch terms prefixed with gi-",
"Old Dutch verbs",
"Old Dutch verbs prefixed with gi-",
"Old Saxon class 3 strong verbs",
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon terms prefixed with gi-",
"Old Saxon verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "geworden"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "gewerden"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old_Dutch"
],
[
"werthan",
"werthan#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gi-",
"3": "werthan"
},
"expansion": "gi- + werthan",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gi- + werthan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "odt-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "giwertho",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthunt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurthin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "participle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giworthan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "giwerthan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "werth",
"class": "3",
"pref": "gi"
},
"name": "odt-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to occur, to happen"
],
"links": [
[
"occur",
"occur"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to arise, to emerge"
],
"links": [
[
"arise",
"arise"
],
[
"emerge",
"emerge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "giwerthan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon class 3 strong verbs",
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon terms prefixed with gi-",
"Old Saxon verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"werthan",
"werthan#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"geweorþan",
"geweorþan#Old_English"
],
[
"giwerdan",
"giwerdan#Old_High_German"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gi",
"3": "werthan"
},
"expansion": "gi- + werthan",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "geweorþan"
},
"expansion": "Old English geweorþan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "giwerdan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German giwerdan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gi- + werthan. Akin to Old English geweorþan, Old High German giwerdan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-st2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwarth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerthen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwurdin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giwerth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giwirthandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwordan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "giwerthan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "giwerthan",
"name": "osx-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "giwerth",
"2": "giwirth",
"3": "giwarth",
"4": "giwurd",
"5": "giword",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "osx-conj-st2"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "the men all preferred to raise themselves to the noblest one (Heliand, verse 2882)",
"text": "thea gumon alle giuuarð that sie ine gihoƀin te herosten",
"translation": "the men all preferred to raise themselves to the noblest one (Heliand, verse 2882)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to prefer"
],
"links": [
[
"prefer",
"prefer"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "How can that happen like this to an ancient man then? (Heliand, verse 141)",
"text": "huuo mag that giuuerðan so aftar an aldre",
"translation": "How can that happen like this to an ancient man then? (Heliand, verse 141)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to become, happen"
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
]
]
}
],
"word": "giwerthan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for giwerthan meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Old Dutch is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: participle",
"path": [
"giwerthan"
],
"section": "Old Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "giwerthan",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Old Dutch is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: participle, style: background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey); font-weight:bold;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"giwerthan"
],
"section": "Old Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "giwerthan",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.